Women breakers of babaçu: A process of construction of the term traditional communities, collective identities and knowledge
Rev. Cadernos de Campo, Araraquara, v. 23, n. esp. 2, e023017, 2023. e-ISSN: 2359-2419
DOI: https://doi.org/10.47284/cdc.v23iesp.2.16899 6
and communities," that it is through specific norms of each community that it is determined
how the community will use natural resources.
Traditional Peoples and Communities: culturally distinct groups that
recognize themselves as such, possessing their own forms of social
organization, occupying and using territories and natural resources as a
condition for their cultural, social, religious, ancestral, and economic
reproduction, employing knowledge, innovations, and practices generated and
transmitted through tradition (BRASIL, 2007, our translation).
In line with the cultural contribution mentioned above, Fredrik Barth (2000, p. 111, our
translation) states that "the reality of all people is composed of cultural contributions." It is,
therefore, constructed through mutual consent of collective actions. This implies that
representations such as language, symbols, rituals, and environments are essential for
understanding humanity and its habits.
Regarding natural resources, Almeida (2008) clarifies that treaties on their use are related
to both agriculture and extractivism and fishing as a form of organization and mutual aid. The
author also refers to solidarity ties as the set of inalienable rules that superimpose a physical
composition of the territory, so that productive activities carried out by the group can be
designated. It is worth noting that this connection is not only based on reference or belonging
to the group or family but also on the degree of connection and empathy in conflict situations.
Therefore, communities are legally recognized and protected as such in Brazil, receiving
attention and legal apparatus as they represent a more particular and fragile form of protection,
facing threats to their very existence. "Thus, self-identification is the main criterion for defining
the community" (MONEBHURRUN et al., 2016, p. 445, our translation). Legally, the history
of most of these traditional peoples is linked to the territoriality to which they belong,
undergoing a long process of identity construction. The quilombolas, indigenous or Amerindian
peoples, rubber tappers, artisanal fishermen, Pantanal inhabitants, backcountry dwellers,
riverine people, geraizeiros, caiçaras, and coconut breakers are examples of groups that have
emerged from struggles for territoriality and the guarantee of rights that recognize and value
their traditional way of life.
Regarding the coconut breakers, it's worth noting that their activities are focused on
collecting babassu coconuts and processing them into oil, olive oil, soap, and handicrafts. The
coconut breakers fight for free access to the babassu palm groves, which initiates a discussion
about territorial rights as traditional communities. To better understand the process of self-
definition of the coconut breakers as a conventional community, Rebelo (2012) highlights the