Bruno Ferraz BARTEL and Maria Gleiciane Fontenele PEREIRA
Rev. Cadernos de Campo, Araraquara, v. 24, n. esp. 1, e024012, 2024. e-ISSN: 2359-2419
DOI: https://doi.org/10.47284/cdc.v24iesp.1.19289 5
spirituality became materiality for medicine, whether in a graph, number, or test result. My
question was: how does spirituality become a material object or something circumscribed?
Bruno Bartel: And did this, in any way, already appear in your doctoral thesis on the
Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS)?
Rodrigo Toniol: More or less. Actually, no. The issue of materiality, as it appears in my thesis
on alternative therapies in SUS, is related to medications and medical procedures. However, at
the time, I didn’t delve deeply into this aspect. I didn’t pay as much attention to it as I could
have. I traveled to Utrecht in the Netherlands to join the Department of Philosophy and Science
of Religion (Religion Studies) and work with Birgit Meyer. I stayed there for almost three years,
in total. Birgit led a large project, being an Africanist who has researched Ghana and issues
related to local Pentecostals for many years. Since the 2000s, she teamed up with other
significant researchers in the field, like Matthew Engler, forming a relevant group producing
work on Material Religion. Together, they founded a journal, and Birgit led a multimillion-
dollar project to investigate “how religious matters.” I use the English expression because I
believe there’s a crucial play on words: “matters” as both materiality and things that matter. We
tried to reflect this in the title of the book [“Como as Coisas Importam: Uma Abordagem
Material da Religião”], but it loses its meaning in Portuguese. That was the atmosphere when
I arrived there. However, what I found was a very active and diverse group in terms of
composition. People came from anthropology, philosophy, and religious studies, researching
various topics, but all centered on the theme of material religion. But what does it mean to think
about material religion in this context? Generally speaking, the social sciences’ interest in things
and objects is historical, a classic theme. We can refer back to Malinowski in a class on the
circulation of necklaces and bracelets, where objects play an essential role. However, in the
field of material religion, there is a truly innovative formulation. This provokes shifts because
it’s not just about observing materialities or objects but understanding that religion is
materiality. This represents a significant departure from the way social sciences have
traditionally conceptualized religion, focusing on the symbolic, ritual, or ideas at a cognitive
level. Birgit argues that our approach to religion [in an iconoclastic way] results from a
Protestant bias. This suggests rethinking the issue of coloniality through the notion of religion.
How can we shift our understanding of religion not through a Protestant lens but from its
materialities? Birgit emphasizes that materiality is fundamental, arguing that objects in a