
Political education as a strategic union action
Estudos de Sociologia, Araraquara, v. 31, n. esp. 1, e026005, 2026. e-ISSN: 1982-4718
DOI: 10.52780/res.v31iesp.1.21085 18
the social-democratic edifice built in the postwar period, weakening unions’ bargaining power
became central to the war to precarize work and eliminate rights, reviving the experiences of
the United States and England in the 1980s, as Streeck (2013)
19
observed. In Brazil, this turning
point materialized in the neoliberal reforms mentioned earlier.
Marilena Chauí (2019, n.p., our translation) perceptively observes what has been
gestating over recent decades: another face of totalitarianism, neoliberal totalitarianism:
In previous totalitarianisms, the State was the mirror and model of society,
that is, they instituted the statization of society: all social and political spheres
not only as organizations; neoliberal totalitarianism does the opposite: society
becomes the mirror for the State, defining the market as its central reference,
as a specific type of organization: the company—the school is a company, the
hospital is a company, the cultural center is a company, a church is a company,
and, evidently, the State is a company.
As an unfolding of this process, it is worth emphasizing that the conditions for
ideological confrontation inside and outside the workplace are increasingly challenging tasks
for union leaders. First, there was the resurgence of right-wing and far-right militancy, which
performs strongly on social media and has also shown the capacity to occupy the streets. In
contrast to class-based, universal, and solidaristic aspirations, values such as entrepreneurship
and meritocracy are exalted as the natural path to professional success. The president of
Sindicato dos Metalúrgicos [Metalworkers’ Union], Moisés Selerges, defined the post-
pandemic period as the period of “Retomada” [Resumption] for the Sindicato [Union],
reinforced by President Lula’s victory in the 2022 elections and by the new leadership of the
Sindicato [Union], elected in 2023 in an environment of extreme polarization and many
difficulties for workers despite the election results
20
.
In 2023, the Departamento de Formação [Education Department] took the initiative of
conducting a survey with the entire Direção Plena [Full Leadership], newly sworn in, about the
main challenges facing the category and how education could help in this process. From there,
the idea was to structure a long-term, two-year education plan
21
. As an example, the main
19
According to the author: “The destruction of the air traffic controllers’ union by Ronald Reagan in 1981, and
Margaret Thatcher’s victory over the miners’ union in 1984, constitute dramatic and symbolically important
turning points” (Streeck, 2013, n.p., our translation).
20
This resumption means, in a broader sense, the resumption of direct contact with the federal government, of
direct dialogue with the working class, of industrial policies for the region, and of popular participation.” Moisés
Selerges in the editorial of Tribuna Metalúrgica, 2023.
21
Out of the 155 representatives of the Company Union Committees (CSEs) elected for the 2023–2026 triennium,
who constitute the Full Leadership, 125 answered the questionnaire. The research and the resulting course proposal
were analyzed by Cappucci et al. (2025, pp. 8-13) from the perspective of Paulo Freire’s liberating pedagogy,
drawing from the critical branch of social psychology and the experience of the trade union movement.