Raquel Faria DIAS; Tatiani Rabelo Lapa SANTOS and Fernanda Duarte Araújo SILVA
RIAEE – Revista Ibero-Americana de Estudos em Educação, Araraquara, v. 18, n. 00, e023132, 2023. e-ISSN: 1982-5587
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21723/riaee.v18i00.17744 3
Introduction
This article addresses the results of observations and reflections carried out from a
project on environmental education developed with children from Early Childhood Education,
aged five years, from a federal public school in the city of Uberlândia, state of Minas Gerais.
The activities that make up this project are part of research carried out during the Supervised
Internship discipline, of the Pedagogy course at the Federal University of Uberlândia. The
central objective of the work carried out with the children was to build reflections on
environmental issues, involve them and contribute to the process of raising awareness about the
importance of caring for the environment, as well as experiencing possibilities of understanding
and interacting with the environment where they live. Regarding the concept of Environmental
Education that subsidized the project, it is highlighted that
Environmental Education requires completeness, a movement of diving into a
complex reality, in which various types of knowledge are articulated and have
the same importance: scientific, everyday, aesthetic and poetic knowledge.
This dive – intentional, political – broadens the horizons of active knowledge
(aimed at a world governed by the laws of physics), and leads us along the
paths of contemplative knowledge (directed at a world of language, memory,
history, affective interactions (TIRIBA, 2010, p. 11, our translation).
The theoretical-methodological framework was based on the approach of Historical-
Cultural Psychology (PHC), a branch that is based on Historical-Dialetic Materialism (MHD).
Regarding these options, we agree with Tuleski, Calvi and Santos (2021, p. 17, our translation),
when they state that materialist dialectics, as a method of analyzing reality:
[...] it is an arduous and complex activity, which cannot be carried out by
shortcuts or easy paths or answers, it is a constant effort to go back and forth
from reality to thought and vice versa, overcoming by incorporation the
phenomenal appearance and capturing as many relationships as possible at a
given moment in the investigation.
Thus, we seek, through PHC and MHD, to understand objective reality, by considering
its totality in movements and contradictions. We also privilege, in the studies developed by
Vigotski (2008, 2018) and other PHC researchers, the importance of developing higher
psychological functions, such as thinking, abstraction capacity, creativity, imagination, among
others. Regarding the formation of typically human activities, Vigotski (2018) cites two types:
reproductive, related to the ability to memorize based on lived experiences; and creative,
developed through experiences and in which the individual is capable of re-elaborating and
creating images and actions. Thus: