A dialética hegeliana no livro de Mikhail Bakhtin sobre François Rabelais

Abstract

The aim of this article is to show that the principles of ambivalence in the popular culture of laughter, the action of the people in the Middle Ages, the historical body and the human/world relationship at the popular-festive banquet, present in the book François Rabelais’ work and Popular Culture in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance (1965)/Rabelais and Gogol (The Art of the Word and Popular Comic Culture) (1940, 1970), were developed, among other approaches, in the light of Hegelian dialectics. The methodology of this research, which is bibliographic in nature, consisted of the following steps: the search for statements by Bakhtin himself and scholars in his work regarding the relevance of dialectics as the origin of the concept of ambivalence and other categories in M. Bakhtin's book on F. Rabelais; the reading and identification of the principles of phenomenology and dialectics in Georg Hegel’s texts and in his commentators; the identification of the categories in M. Bakhtin's book on F. Rabelais developed through Hegelian dialectics; finally, the determination of the developments and advances of Bakhtinian theory in relation to the German philosopher. The results showed that the images of grotesque realism are, on the one hand, affiliated with the Hegelian concept of becoming, but, on the other hand, they distance themselves from it due to their imagetic, visual, palpable, corporal character.