Medicalizar a los niños y adolescentes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52780/res.v27iesp.2.16590Palabras clave:
Medicalización, Niños, Adolescencia, Comportamientos infantilesResumen
La medicalización es un fenómeno global y progresivo, característico de la sociedad contemporánea. El propósito de este artículo es analizar críticamente los fundamentos del modelo de enfermedad basado en la perspectiva biomédica que justifica el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de las conductas infantiles con fármacos psiquiátricos, entendiéndolas como enfermedades mentales. En el centro de la justificación de la medicalización de los comportamientos de los niños se encuentra la idea de que los fármacos (psicofármacos) corregirán una anomalía biológica, cerebral, subyacente. Sin embargo, la medicalización de la infancia carece de pruebas científicas suficientes y funciona como una estrategia de control y normalización social. La denominación "trastorno mental" se utiliza para referirse a las personas que no se comportan como se espera o cuando no se ajustan a las normas sociales. Es la expresión del control social disfrazado de tratamiento médico. Las consecuencias de la medicalización constituyen fuertes amenazas para la salud pública, la cultura y los propios derechos humanos.
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