The concept of "rural" in Celso Furtado: reconsidering Francisco Oliveira's critics to the underdevelopment

Abstract

The brazilian social thought is marked in the 1950s by developmentalism: industry, urbanization and immigration associated with the rural exodus re-shape the actions of the State in political and economic. The end of a agrarian vocation linked to the crisis of the coffee economy, outlining a scene of strong industrialization was vital for the consolidation of the concept of underdevelopment. To the field was booked a place in the theory of Furtado, in the concept of structural duality: the social and economic backwardness of the country is because of the survival of a pre-capitalist structure in the field, which co-exist in tension with the urban - industrial, features a country that is underdeveloped. From the work of Francisco de Oliveira, the “Critique of dualistic reason” (2003), this work aimed at creating a reflection of the role of agrarian economy and rural furtadiana in the concept of structural duality. The objective is to analyze the work of Furtado between 1950-1964, and comparing it with the “critical balance” of Oliveira. The survival of a “pre-capitalist structure” on the economy of subsistence “obstructs the industrial growth, is a colonial remnant, and is a condition that must be overcome for Furtado. Oliveira traces a path which agriculture is a key place that contributed to urban-industrial accumulation.