Polar, arctic, northern
Corpora-based study of the semantics of relative adjectives in language
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29051/el.v8iesp.3.17430Keywords:
Cognitive semantics, Adjectives, Corpus-based study, Language, Semantic modelsAbstract
The adjectives ‘northern’, ‘polar’ and ‘arctic’ are subjected to multilateral analysis of their etymology, frequency, semantic development and current usage in language. The article reveals the common specific semantic features of the English denominal adjectives on the material of these three adjectives. A comprehensive semantic-cognitive analysis was performed summarizing the conclusions obtained in the framework of the definitional analysis, contextual analysis, diachronic analysis of the transformations of linguistic meanings and their cognitive interpretation. The results show active development of the semantic structures, relative growth of metonymic meanings, extension of metaphorical uses. The adjective ‘northern’ displays the highest number of uses due to its native origin, early appearance in the English vocabulary, a big number of bound meanings in terminological or phraseological usages, and the existence of metaphorical meaning.
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