Identity and cultural plurality in spanish textbooks produced in Brazil and selected by PNLD - National Programme of Textbook

Abstract

This article aims to promote, given the current reality, in which it sets up a scenario marked by breaking cultural boundaries and understand the world as a more unified universe, reflect on existing conceptions of culture in this context. The world increasingly marked by multicultural societies, the weakening of old cultural references and the multiplication of identity statements. The teaching of foreign languages is an opportunity to place the student in planetary universe of an apparent online culture, but which increasingly reinforces different identities. In this sense, the article presented here, and promote space for a discussion of these very contemporary issues, presents the analysis of a survey of two of the four textbooks in Spanish, selected to join the National Book Program for Education East, delimiting the choice of the characteristics of space and time for analysis and construction of this writing: El arte de leer Spanish and Síntesis: course española language. Not the total analysis of the books will be presented, opting to make a cut, taking as a criterion some teaching units and activities more targeted to the theme proposed, in addition to meet the rules and brevity of this article. Such research revolved around the following questions: How do the textbooks for the teaching and learning of Spanish produced in Brazil include: a) the cultural diversity of the Hispanic world? ; b) the claim - with respect to their community in training and socializing (s) of identity (s) American latina- (s)? ; and c) interaction - proposal from learning strategies, with the identity formation of the Brazilian student? Therefore, we adopted the methodology of qualitative analysis and content analysis technique, taking as indicators the following categories: geographical areas and cultural areas explored in the texts; the identities of anonymous characters and famous circulating in the books; and educational activities related to cultural issues proposed to the students. From the analysis it can be concluded that the selected books give different answers to the questions proposed for this research. The book Síntesis: lengua española course, does not explore, in fact, the cultural diversity of the Hispanic world; has its characters marked by non-Latin American identities and do not promote through activities related to cultural issues, no interaction with the identity formation of the Brazilian student. While the book El arte de leer Español explores the variety of geographical areas and cultural territories of the Hispanic world, and bring references from Brazil and elsewhere. In addition, the book prioritizes Latin American identities and promotes in many activities, interaction with the cultures and identities of the Brazilian learners of Spanish.