Supervisão de escolas estrangeiras e minoritárias no estado Otomano segundo fontes de arquivo

Şenay ATAM; Ümmügülsüm Candeğer; Aydın Efe

doi:10.22633/rpge.v29iesp4.20755

Autores/as

Şenay ATAM Faculdade de Humanidades e Ciências Sociais https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8672-3063
Ümmügülsüm Candeğer Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6717-9311
Aydın Efe Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6178-9904

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22633/rpge.v29iesp4.20755

Palabras clave:

Estado Otomano, Escuela extranjera, Reglamento, Inspección

Resumen

La cuestión de las escuelas no musulmanas en el Imperio Otomano comenzó después de la conquista de Estambul, cuando las clases religiosas basadas en la iglesia se transformaron gradualmente en escuelas. A medida que el imperio se debilitaba y concedía capitulaciones, las potencias extranjeras establecieron rápidamente escuelas privadas, especialmente después del Artículo 129 de los Reglamentos Educativos de 1869. El aumento del número de instituciones generó desafíos de inspección, lo que llevó a nuevos reglamentos que abarcaban tanto las actividades escolares como eventos relacionados, como teatro, ballet y loterías. Este estudio emplea un análisis documental cualitativo de los Archivos del Estado Otomano, incluyendo transcripciones del material examinado. Los resultados muestran que la tolerancia religiosa del imperio permitió que las comunidades abrieran escuelas para su propia educación religiosa, pero eso también incrementó la influencia extranjera sobre los súbditos no musulmanes. Pese a los esfuerzos, el control efectivo solo se logró durante la Primera Guerra Mundial y con la abolición de las capitulaciones. Posteriormente, la República de Turquía resolvió la cuestión unificando todas las escuelas bajo el Ministerio de Educación mediante la Ley de Unificación de la Educación.

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Biografía del autor/a

Şenay ATAM, Faculdade de Humanidades e Ciências Sociais

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Department of History, Türkiye.

Ümmügülsüm Candeğer, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Department of History, Türkiye.

Aydın Efe, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences

Prof. Dr. Çankırı Karatekin University, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Department of History, Türkiye.

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