Aplicação da lei sobre equidade educacional no ensino superior: uma análise do papel dos mecanismos de gestão estatal para estudantes em situação de desvantagem

Ta Quang Ngoc

doi:10.22633/rpge.v30iesp1.20901

Autores/as

Ta Quang Ngoc Universidade de Direito de Hanói https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9496-4788

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22633/rpge.v30iesp1.20901

Palabras clave:

Ley de equidad, Educación superior, Mecanismos de gestión estatal, Estudiantes en situación de desventaja

Resumen

El objetivo de este estudio es aclarar el papel de los mecanismos de gestión estatal en la garantía del acceso y la permanencia en la educación para estudiantes en situación de desventaja. Basado en un enfoque interdisciplinario entre el derecho y la gestión educativa, el estudio busca evaluar la compatibilidad entre el marco jurídico vigente y las prácticas de políticas de apoyo a los estudiantes, así como identificar cuellos de botella en el proceso de implementación. El estudio combina una encuesta a 189 personas y entrevistas semiestructuradas con 15 personas. Los resultados muestran que, aunque las regulaciones legales sobre igualdad educativa están relativamente bien establecidas, la implementación aún se ve afectada por limitaciones en la coordinación de la gestión, en los mecanismos de monitoreo y por un enfoque que tiende al apoyo administrativo. Este estudio contribuye a aclarar la brecha entre el diseño legal y las prácticas de gestión de la educación superior, proponiendo implicaciones de política para mejorar la coordinación, la rendición de cuentas y la eficacia de la gestión estatal en la promoción de la igualdad educativa para estudiantes en situación de desventaja.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Biografía del autor/a

Ta Quang Ngoc, Universidade de Direito de Hanói

Universidade de Direito de Hanói, Hanói, Vietnã.

Citas

Anh, D. (2024). Completing the legal framework for truly equitable, humane, and modern education. People’s Representative Magazine. https://daibieunhandan.vn/hoan-thien-khung-phap-ly-de-giao-duc-thuc-su-cong-bang-nhan-van-va-hien-dai-10392467.html

Anh, H. (2024). Policies to ensure educational equity in Vietnam: Achievements and directions. Education Magazine. https://tapchigiaoduc.edu.vn/article/88716/235/chinh-sach-dam-bao-cong-bang-giao-duc-tai-viet-nam-thanh-tuu-va-phuong-huong/

Duchiep, H., et al. (2022). The changes in education policy in the context of educational innovation in Vietnam. Revista on Line de Política e Gestão Educacional, 26(esp. 1), e022043. https://doi.org/10.22633/rpge.v26iesp.1.16772

Government of Vietnam. (2024). Decision No. 1705/QĐ-TTg dated December 31, 2024, approving the education development strategy to 2030, vision to 2045.

Easterbrook, M. J., & Hadden, I. R. (2021). Tackling educational inequalities with social psychology: Identities, contexts, and interventions. Social Issues and Policy Review, 15(1), 180–236. https://doi.org/10.1111/sipr.12070

Fitzgerald, A., Avirmed, T., & Battulga, N. (2025). Exploring the factors informing educational inequality in higher education: A systematic literature review. Perspectives: Policy and Practice in Higher Education, 29(4), 199–209. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603108.2024.2381121

Goudeau, S., Stephens, N. M., Markus, H. R., Darnon, C., Croizet, J.-C., & Cimpian, A. (2025). What causes social class disparities in education? The role of the mismatches between academic contexts and working-class socialization contexts and how the effects of these mismatches are explained. Psychological Review, 132(2), 380–403. https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000473

Herbaut, E., & Koen, G. (2019). What works to reduce inequalities in higher education? A systematic review of the (quasi-)experimental literature on outreach and financial aid. Research in Social Stratification and Mobility. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rssm.2019.100442

Helland, H., Strømme, T. B., & Thomsen, J. P. (2024). Social inequality in dropout rates in higher education: Denmark and Norway. Studies in Higher Education, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2024.2431588

Herbaut, E. (2021). Overcoming failure in higher education: Social inequalities and compensatory advantage in dropout patterns. Acta Sociologica, 64(4), 383–402. https://doi.org/10.1177/0001699320920916

Hien, D. T. T. (2023). Inequality in public higher education in Vietnam. Citizen and Learning Promotion Magazine. https://congdankhuyenhoc.vn/bat-binh-dang-trong-giao-duc-dai-hoc-cong-lap-tai-viet-nam-179230326145417982.htm

Hoa, N. T. M. (2025). Tuition fee policy and the issue of equity in education. People’s Representative Magazine. https://daibieunhandan.vn/chinh-sach-hoc-phi-va-van-de-cong-bang-trong-giao-duc-10378767.html

Hong, V. V. (2022). Management of educational activities in schools towards the approach of learners’ competency: A case study of a high school. Nuances: Estudos sobre Educação, 32, e021005. https://doi.org/10.32930/nuances.v32i00.9118

Lamont, M. (2000). The dignity of working men: Morality and the boundaries of race, class, and immigration. Sage Publications. https://doi.org/10.4159/9780674039889

Lien, N. T. (2024). Social equity in higher education in Vietnam today. Journal of State Management. https://www.quanlynhanuoc.vn/2024/08/30/cong-bang-xa-hoi-trong-giao-duc-dai-hoc-o-viet-nam-hien-nay/

National Assembly of Vietnam. (2025). Law on higher education (Law No. 125/2025/QH15). https://datafiles.chinhphu.vn/cpp/files/vbpq/2026/01/luat125-2025.pdf

Thu, T. (2025). Implementing equity in access to education, prioritizing particularly disadvantaged areas. Journal of Education. https://tapchigiaoduc.edu.vn/article/89359/211/thuc-hien-cong-bang-trong-tiep-can-giao-duc-uu-tien-vung-dac-biet-kho-khan/

Trung, N. K. (2023). Equity of opportunity in education. Electronic Journal of the People’s Court. https://tapchitoaan.vn/cong-bang-co-hoi-trong-giao-duc9

Morales, P. C. (2024). Social reproduction and education: A review of Chilean education and its social segregation since 1820. History of Education, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/0046760X.2024.2421470

Odaga, G. (2022). Affirmative action and women in Uganda’s public university education. Higher Education Policy, 35(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41307-020-00189-8

Stephens, N. M., Fryberg, S. A., Markus, H. R., Johnson, C. S., & Covarrubias, R. (2012). Unseen disadvantage: How American universities’ focus on independence undermines the academic performance of first-generation college students. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 102(6), 1178–1197. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0027143

Van, V. H. (2023). Ensuring the quality of education and training in the context of educational innovation. Quality – Access to Success, 25(198), 40–50. https://doi.org/10.47750/QAS/25.198.05

Zwier, D., Geven, S., & van de Werfhorst, H. G. (2021). Social inequality in shadow education: The role of high-stakes testing. International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 61(6), 412–440. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020715220984500