Educación inclusiva durante la ley marcial
estrategias actuales y experiencias de implementación
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22633/rpge.v29iesp2.20658Palabras clave:
Educación inclusiva, Igualdad de los estudiantes, Enfoque individual, Tecnologías interactivas, Práctica de tutoríaResumen
Este artículo analiza la efectividad de la educación inclusiva a partir de nuevos enfoques enfocados al desarrollo de competencias profesionales y al apoyo integral al alumnado con necesidades educativas especiales. La metodología combina el análisis de los mecanismos educativos existentes, la aplicación del modelo de Kirkpatrick, la observación, la investigación y el cálculo del coeficiente de Student. Los nuevos enfoques incluyen el uso de las plataformas interactivas Genially para el estudio teórico y Jamboard para las clases prácticas, así como el apoyo psicológico. Los resultados indican que el aprendizaje inclusivo se ve favorecido por la igualdad entre los participantes, el trabajo en equipo, la individualización y los métodos multidimensionales. El grupo experimental mostró un mejor rendimiento (M=87,6; DE=18,1) y una mayor satisfacción (M=95,3; DE=20,4) que el grupo tradicional (M=75,1; DE=11,8). La efectividad global fue del 85%, lo que demuestra que estas prácticas hacen que el proceso inclusivo sea más eficiente, flexible y centrado en las necesidades del alumnado.
Descargas
Citas
Adl-Amini, K., Meßner, M. T., & Hardy, I. (2024). A simulation game for placement decision-making: fostering reflection and belief change about inclusion in teacher education. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 29(7), 1197–1213. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2024.2319095
AlAli, R., & Wardat, Y. (2024). Opportunities and challenges of integrating generative artificial intelligence in education. International Journal of Religion, 5(7), 784–793. https://doi.org/10.61707/8y29gv34
Almeqdad, Q. I., Alodat, A. M., Alquraan, M. F., Mohaidat, M. A., & Al-Makhzoomy, A. K. (2023). The effectiveness of universal design for learning: A systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis. Cogent Education, 10(1), 2218191. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2023.2218191
Almufareh, M. F., Kausar, S., Humayun, M., & Tehsin, S. (2024). A conceptual model for inclusive technology: Advancing disability inclusion through artificial intelligence. Journal of Disability Research, 3(1), 20230060. https://doi.org/10.57197/JDR-2023-0060
Alshammari, S. H., & Alkhwaldi, A. F. (2025). An integrated approach using social support theory and technology acceptance model to investigate the sustainable use of digital learning technologies. Scientific Reports, 15(1), 342. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-83450-z
Anderson, L., & Merkebu, J. (2024). The Kirkpatrick model: A tool for evaluating educational research. Family Medicine, 56(6), 403. https://doi.org/10.22454/ FamMed.2024.161519
Bong, W. K., & Chen, W. (2024). Increasing faculty’s competence in digital accessibility for inclusive education: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 28(2), 197–213. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2021.1937344
Bulathwela, S., Pérez-Ortiz, M., Holloway, C., Cukurova, M., & Shawe-Taylor, J. (2024). Artificial intelligence alone will not democratise education: On educational inequality, techno-solutionism and inclusive tools. Sustainability, 16(2), 781. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16020781
Chow, W. S. E., de Bruin, K., & Sharma, U. (2024). A scoping review of perceived support needs of teachers for implementing inclusive education. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 28(13), 3321–3340. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2023.2244956
Coy, A., Mohammed, P. S., & Skerrit, P. (2025). Inclusive deaf education enabled by artificial intelligence: The path to a solution. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education, 35(1), 96–134. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40593-024-00419-9
Daniel, K., Msambwa, M. M., Antony, F., & Wan, X. (2024). Motivate students for better academic achievement: A systematic review of blended innovative teaching and its impact on learning. Computer Applications in Engineering Education, 32(4), e22733. https://doi.org/10.1002/cae.22733
Dor-Haim, P. (2025). Understanding self-fulfillment: Principals’ perspectives in special education for complex disabilities. Journal of Educational Administration, 63(1), 34–47. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEA-06-2024-0178
El Naggar, A., Gaad, E., & Inocencio, S. A. M. (2024). Enhancing inclusive education in the UAE: Integrating AI for diverse learning needs. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 147, 104685. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2024.104685
Field, A. (2018). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics (5ª ed.). SAGE Publications.
Frohn, J. (2025). Modelling inclusive education. The Didactic Model for Inclusive Teaching and Learning as a heuristic for inclusion research and teacher education. Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs, 25(3), 514–526. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-3802.12741
Iacono, T., Landry, O., Garcia-Melgar, A., Spong, J., Hyett, N., Bagley, K., & McKinstry, C. (2023). A systematized review of co-teaching efficacy in enhancing inclusive education for students with disability. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 27(13), 1454–1468. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2021.1900423
Jackson, D., Dean, B. A., & Eady, M. (2025). Equity and inclusion in work-integrated learning: Participation and outcomes for diverse student groups. Educational Review, 77(2), 329–350. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131911.2023.2182764
Jardinez, M. J., & Natividad, L. R. (2024). The Advantages and Challenges of Inclusive Education: Striving for Equity in the Classroom. Shanlax International Journal of Education, 12(2), 57–65. https://doi.org/10.34293/education.v12i2.7182
Ketikidou, G., & Saiti, A. (2025). The promotion of inclusive education through sustainable and systemic leadership. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 28(3), 639–654. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603124.2022.2032368
Knight, C. (2025). Dyslexia: Identity, labelling and its place in inclusive education. British Journal of Special Education, 52(2), 251–257. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8578.70028
Lin, H., & Chen, Q. (2024). Artificial intelligence (AI)-integrated educational applications and college students’ creativity and academic emotions: Students and teachers’ perceptions and attitudes. BMC Psychology, 12(1), 487. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-024-01979-0
Lindner, K. T., Schwab, S., Emara, M., & Avramidis, E. (2023). Do teachers favor the inclusion of all students? A systematic review of primary schoolteachers’ attitudes towards inclusive education. European Journal of Special Needs Education, 38(6), 766–787. https://doi.org/10.1080/08856257.2023.2172894
Makoelle, T. M., & Burmistrova, V. (2021). Teacher education and inclusive education in Kazakhstan. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 29(4), 447–463. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2021.1889048
Marsili, F., Dell’Anna, S., & Pellegrini, M. (2025). Giftedness in inclusive education: a systematic review of research. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 29(4), 502–519. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2023.2190330
Massiah, A., Shotte, G., Rowe, V., & Minott, C. (2024). Educational leadership for social transformation: An inclusive approach for schools as places of belonging. Power and Education, 17(2), 142–158. https://doi.org/10.1177/17577438241297239
Matjanov, A. J. (2024). Use of pedagogical methods based on the modern educational program to increase the effectiveness of education. European International Journal of Pedagogics, 4(6), 26–33. https://doi.org/10.55640/eijp-04-06-06
Mendoza, M., & Heymann, J. (2024). Implementation of inclusive education: A systematic review of studies of inclusive education interventions in low-and lower-middle-income countries. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 71(3), 299–316. https://doi.org/10.1080/1034912X.2022.2095359
Migliarini, V., & Elder, B. C. (2024). The future of inclusive education. In The future of inclusive education: Intersectional perspectives (pp. 1-21). Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-49242-6_1
Mohebi, L. (2024). Empowering learners with ChatGPT: Insights from a systematic literature exploration. Discover Education, 3(1), 36. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-024-00120-y
Muhammad, Y., & Yahaya, W. A. J. W. (2025). Breaking barriers to equitable education for sustainable future: Creating inclusive learning opportunities in higher education through ai innovations. In A Practical Guide to Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education: Innovation and Applications (pp. 57–64). Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-56848-0_7
Navas-Bonilla, C. D. R., Guerra-Arango, J. A., Oviedo-Guado, D. A., & Murillo-Noriega, D. E. (2025). Inclusive education through technology: A systematic review of types, tools and characteristics. Frontiers in Education, 10, 1527851. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2025.1527851
Nikolopoulou, K. (2024). Generative artificial intelligence in higher education: Exploring ways of harnessing pedagogical practices with the assistance of ChatGPT. International Journal of Changes in Education, 1(2), 103–111. https://doi.org/10.47852/bonviewIJCE42022489
Otych, O., & Orzhel, O. (2023). Inclusion in higher education under wartime: National level of regulation and strategic development goals. Problems of Education, 2(99), 60–71. https://doi.org/10.52256/2710-3986.2-99.2023.04
Parmigiani, D., Spulber, D., Ambrosini, A., Molinari, A., Nicchia, E., Pario, M., Pedevilla, A., Sardi, I., & Silvaggio, C. (2023). Educational strategies to support the inclusion of displaced pupils from Ukraine in Italian schools. International Journal of Educational Research Open, 4, 100255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2023.100255
Pradhan, K. C., & Naik, M. S. (2024). Inclusive education: A foundation for equality and empowerment at the elementary stage. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research in Arts, Science and Technology, 2(2), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.61778/ijmrast.v2i2.36
Qorib, M. (2024a). Analysis the impact of differentiated instruction on critical diversity literacy in inclusive education. Aksaqila International Humanities and Social Sciences Journal, 3(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.30596/aihss.v3i1.502
Qorib, M. (2024b). Analysis of differentiated instruction as a learning solution in student diversity in inclusive and moderate education. International Journal Reglement & Society (IJRS), 5(1), 43–55. https://jurnal.bundamediagrup.co.id/index.php/ijrs/article/view/452
Rapp, A. C., & Corral-Granados, A. (2021). Understanding inclusive education: A theoretical contribution from system theory and the constructionist perspective. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 28(4), 423–439. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2021.1946725
Ruiz-Rojas, L. I., Acosta-Vargas, P., De-Moreta-Llovet, J., & Gonzalez-Rodriguez, M. (2023). Empowering education with generative artificial intelligence tools: Approach with an instructional design matrix. Sustainability, 15(15), 11524. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151511524
Shlenova, M., Konoplenko, N., Yuryeva, K., Korneiko, Y., & Hlukhovska, M. (2023). Comparative analysis of the distance learning implementation in Ukrainian system of higher education during the COVID-19 pandemic and martial law. Interactive Learning Environments, 32(9), 4968–4977. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2023.2207196
Spandagou, I. (2021). Inclusive education is another country: Developments, obstacles and resistance to inclusive education. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 29(1), 17–31. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2021.1965805
Sultan, Y. (2025). Psychological factors influencing the acceptance of AI tools among teachers and students in inclusive classroom. Review of Applied Management and Social Sciences, 8(2), 897–913. https://doi.org/10.47067/ramss.v8i2.524
Suryawan, I. P. P., Pujawan, I. G. N., Mahayukti, G. A., Sudiarta, I. G. P., & Suharta, I. G. P. (2025). Vocational teachers’ creativity and independence in developing inclusive mathematics learning evaluation integrated with design for change. International Journal of Environmental Sciences, 11(4), 548–563. https://theaspd.com/index.php
Swaminathan, J., Kavitha, K. R., Sibin, B., Raman, R., & Nedungadi, P. (2025). A multi-aspect visualization framework for advancing STEM pedagogy and SDG4: Digital India’s Computer Science OLabs. SN Computer Science, 6(3), 284. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-025-03735-6
Tai, J., Ajjawi, R., & Umarova, A. (2024). How do students experience inclusive assessment? A critical review of contemporary literature. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 28(9), 1936–1953. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2021.2011441
Toto, G. A., Marinelli, C. V., Cavioni, V., di Furia, M., Traetta, L., Iuso, S., & Petito, A. (2024). What is the role of Technologies for Inclusive Education? A systematic review. In International Conference on Higher Education Learning Methodologies and Technologies Online (pp. 533–565). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-67351-1_36
Travers, J., & Downes, P. (2025). Developing a concentric spatial turn for inclusive and special education: Key issues for systems development. European Journal of Special Needs Education, 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1080/08856257.2025.2529010
Vaintraub, M. (2024). Professional Competence Development of Teaching Staff in Higher Education Institutions under Martial Law. Educational Challenges, 29(1), 204–213. https://doi.org/10.34142/2709-7986.2024.29.1.14
Vistorte, A. O. R., Deroncele-Acosta, A., Ayala, J. L. M., Barrasa, A., López-Granero, C., & Martí-González, M. (2024). Integrating artificial intelligence to assess emotions in learning environments: A systematic literature review. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 1387089. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1387089
Walton, E., & Engelbrecht, P. (2022). Inclusive education in South Africa: Path dependencies and emergences. International Journal of Inclusive Education, 28(10), 2138–2156. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2022.2061608
Yao, N., & Wang, Q. (2024). Factors influencing pre-service special education teachers’ intention toward AI in education: Digital literacy, teacher self-efficacy, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness. Heliyon, 10(14), e34894. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34894
Zhang, J., & Zhang, Z. (2024). AI in teacher education: Unlocking new dimensions in teaching support, inclusive learning, and digital literacy. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 40(4), 1871–1885. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcal.12988
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2025 Revista on line de Política e Gestão Educacional

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
Manuscritos aceitos e publicados são de propriedade da Revista on line de Política e Gestão Educacional. É vedada a submissão integral ou parcial do manuscrito a qualquer outro periódico. A responsabilidade do conteúdo dos artigos é exclusiva dos autores. É vedada a tradução para outro idioma sem a autorização escrita do Editor ouvida a Comissão Editorial Científica.


