De  barreiras a facilitadores: explorando os facilitadores do pensamento crítico na graduação em medicina

Abdullah bin Abdulrahman Al-Bader

doi:10.22633/rpge.v29iesp4.20767

Autores/as

Abdullah bin Abdulrahman Al-Bader King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4234-5929

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22633/rpge.v29iesp4.20767

Palabras clave:

Pensamiento crítico, Educación médica, Estudio cualitativo, Entorno de aprendizaje, Aprendizaje basado en problemas

Resumen

El pensamiento crítico es esencial en la educación médica; sin embargo, la investigación suele enfatizar sus barreras en lugar de sus facilitadores. Este estudio cualitativo examinó los facilitadores del pensamiento crítico entre trece participantes, incluidos estudiantes de medicina y docentes de una gran universidad. Los datos se recopilaron mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas y se analizaron utilizando análisis de contenido convencional. Emergieron cinco temas principales: entornos de aprendizaje acogedores, estrategias de enseñanza interactivas, retroalimentación constructiva, fomento de la curiosidad y la influencia de modelos de comportamiento. Los participantes señalaron que el respeto y el diálogo abierto generaron seguridad psicológica; los métodos activos, como el aprendizaje basado en problemas y las simulaciones, promovieron un razonamiento más profundo; y la retroalimentación y la mentoría impulsaron la reflexión y la honestidad. El estudio reformula el pensamiento crítico como un proceso moldeado por factores culturales, pedagógicos y relacionales. Destaca la necesidad de reformas educativas que integren estos facilitadores en todo el currículo y recomienda más investigaciones sobre la adaptación de estas condiciones a diversos contextos.

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Biografía del autor/a

Abdullah bin Abdulrahman Al-Bader, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences

Full Professor, College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Ministry of National Guard - Health Affairs, Saudi Arabia.

Citas

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