Tendências na educação moderna: o impacto de vários tipos de fatores na mobilidade e migração dos estudantes

Igor Shichkin; Lydia Mokrova; Natalya Sokolitsyna; Igor Sobolev; Natalia Gubanova; Zarema Khachak; Elvir Akhmetshin

doi:10.22633/rpge.v29i00.20794

Autores

Igor Shichkin Universidade Russa de Economia Plekhanov https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3158-0648
Lydia Mokrova Universidade Financeira https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0190-9166
Natalya Sokolitsyna Universidade Politécnica Pedro, o Grande https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3322-5911
Igor Sobolev Universidade Estatal de Direito https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0642-2821
Natalia Gubanova Universidade Politécnica de Moscou https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5212-1179
Zarema Khachak Universidade Agrária Estatal de Kuban https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0365-3050
Elvir Akhmetshin Universidade Mamun https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2576-503X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22633/rpge.v29i00.20794

Palavras-chave:

Migração educativa, Mobilidade estudantil, Estudar no estrangeiro, País de acolhimento, País de envio

Resumo

A migração educativa é uma forma de mobilidade social intimamente ligada à procura de conhecimento, competências e experiência internacional. Este estudo examina a influência de vários fatores na mobilidade e migração dos estudantes, com foco nas decisões de estudar no estrangeiro e na seleção de um país de acolhimento. Uma revisão crítica da literatura foi combinada com um inquérito a 37 especialistas, cujas avaliações ajudaram a classificar e ponderar a importância dos fatores de atração e repulsão. Os resultados mostram que, embora critérios económicos como as propinas e os custos de habitação continuem a ser importantes, são secundários em relação à qualidade percebida da educação, às qualificações reconhecidas internacionalmente e às oportunidades de crescimento pessoal e profissional. O estudo conclui que os modelos que enfatizam apenas os aspectos económicos são insuficientes, dado que a migração educativa é cada vez mais moldada pelo desenvolvimento a longo prazo do capital humano e do intercâmbio intercultural, beneficiando tanto os países de origem como os de destino.

Downloads

Não há dados estatísticos.

Biografia do Autor

Igor Shichkin, Universidade Russa de Economia Plekhanov

Universidade Russa de Economia Plekhanov, Moscou – Rússia. Candidato em Ciências. Professor Associado do Departamento Básico vinculado à Câmara de Comércio e Indústria da Federação Russa em Gestão de Recursos Humanos. Pesquisador Sênior do Centro de Pesquisa em Economia do Trabalho.

Lydia Mokrova, Universidade Financeira

Universidade Financeira sob o Governo da Federação Russa, Moscou – Rússia. Candidato em Ciências. Professor Associado do Departamento de Negócios Operacionais e Industriais.

Natalya Sokolitsyna, Universidade Politécnica Pedro, o Grande

Universidade Politécnica Pedro, o Grande, de São Petersburgo (SPbPU), São Petersburgo – Rússia. Doutor em Ciências. Professor Associado da Escola Superior de Gestão Industrial.

Igor Sobolev, Universidade Estatal de Direito

Universidade Estatal de Direito de Moscou Kutafin (MSAL), Moscou – Rússia. Candidato em Ciências. Professor Associado do Departamento de Direito Internacional Privado.

Natalia Gubanova, Universidade Politécnica de Moscou

Universidade Politécnica de Moscou, Moscou – Rússia. Candidato em Ciências. Professor.

Zarema Khachak, Universidade Agrária Estatal de Kuban

Universidade Agrária Estatal de Kuban I.T. Trubilin, Krasnodar – Rússia. Assistente no Departamento de Gestão.

Elvir Akhmetshin, Universidade Mamun

Universidade Mamun, Khiva – Uzbequistão. Candidato em Ciências Econômicas. Professor Associado. Chefe do Departamento de Pesquisa Científica, Inovações e Formação de Pessoal Científico e Pedagógico. Professor Associado do Departamento de Economia e Gestão do Instituto Elabuga.

Referências

Binsardi, A., & Ekwulugo, F. (2003). International marketing of British education: Research on the students’ perception and the UK market penetration. Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 21(5), 318–327. https://doi.org/10.1108/02634500310490265

Bourke, A. (2000). A model of the determinants of international trade in higher education. The Service Industries Journal, 20(1), 110–138. https://doi.org/10.1080/02642060000000007

Crossman, J. E., & Clarke, M. (2010). International experience and graduate employability: Stakeholder perceptions on the connection. Higher Education, 59(5), 599–613. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-009-9268-z

Eder, J., Smith, W. W., & Pitts, R. E. (2010). Exploring factors influencing student study abroad destination choice. Journal of Teaching in Travel & Tourism, 10(3), 232–250. https://doi.org/10.1080/15313220.2010.503534

Fejzić-Čengić, F. (2020). Fatima al-Fihri founder of the first world university. Studies in Media and Communication, 8(2), 14. https://doi.org/10.11114/smc.v8i2.4903

Gatfield, T., & Chen, C. (2006). Measuring student choice criteria using the theory of planned behaviour: The case of Taiwan, Australia, UK, and USA. Journal of Marketing for Higher Education, 16(1), 77–95. https://doi.org/10.1300/J050v16n01_04

Hong, H., Lee, S., & Tian, Q. (2020). The influence of international education experience on host country-related outcomes: An analysis of Chinese students’ relationships with South Korean universities. Sustainability, 12(22), 9703. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12229703

Hong Nguyen, C. (2013). Vietnamese international student mobility: Past and current trends. Asian Education and Development Studies, 2(2), 127–148. https://doi.org/10.1108/20463161311321411

King, R., & Ruiz‐Gelices, E. (2003). International student migration and the European ‘Year Abroad’: Effects on European identity and subsequent migration behaviour. International Journal of Population Geography, 9(3), 229–252. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijpg.280

Krannich, S., & Hunger, U. (2022). Should they stay or should they go? A case study on international students in Germany. Comparative Migration Studies, 10(1), 39. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40878-022-00313-0

Lee, C.-F. (2014). An investigation of factors determining the study abroad destination choice: A case study of Taiwan. Journal of Studies in International Education, 18(4), 362–381. https://doi.org/10.1177/1028315313497061

Levent, F. (2016). The economic impacts of international student mobility in the globalization process. Journal of Human Sciences, 13(3), 3853. https://doi.org/10.14687/jhs.v13i3.3877

Li, M., & Bray, M. (2007). Cross-border flows of students for higher education: Push–pull factors and motivations of mainland Chinese students in Hong Kong and Macau. Higher Education, 53(6), 791–818. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-005-5423-3

Lulle, A., Janta, H., & Emilsson, H. (2021). Introduction to the special issue: European youth migration: Human capital outcomes, skills and competences. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 47(8), 1725–1739. https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2019.1679407

Maringe, F., & Carter, S. (2007). International students’ motivations for studying in UK HE: Insights into the choice and decision making of African students. International Journal of Educational Management, 21(6), 459–475. https://doi.org/10.1108/09513540710780000

Martiniello, M., & Rath, J. (Eds.). (2012). An introduction to international migration studies: European perspectives. Amsterdam University Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt6wp6qz

Mazzarol, T., & Soutar, G. N. (2002). “Push‐pull” factors influencing international student destination choice. International Journal of Educational Management, 16(2), 82–90. https://doi.org/10.1108/09513540210418403

Nafari, J., Arab, A., & Ghaffari, S. (2017). Through the looking glass: Analysis of factors influencing Iranian students’ study abroad motivations and destination choice. Sage Open, 7(2), 2158244017716711. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244017716711

Özoğlu, M., Gür, B. S., & Coşkun, İ. (2015). Factors influencing international students’ choice to study in Turkey and challenges they experience in Turkey. Research in Comparative and International Education, 10(2), 223–237. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745499915571718

Rabenu, E., & Shkoler, O. (2020). The reasons for international student mobility. In O. Shkoler, E. Rabenu, P. M. W. Hackett, & P. M. Capobianco (Eds.), International student mobility and access to higher education (pp. 61–125). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44139-5_3

Rachaniotis, N. P., Kotsi, F., & Agiomirgianakis, G. M. (2013). Internationalization in tertiary education: Intra-European students mobility. Journal of Economic Integration, 28(3), 457–481. https://doi.org/10.11130/jei.2013.28.3.457

Safakli, O. V., & Ihemeje, O. O. O. (2015). Motivation of students studying abroad: Case of foreign students in European University of Lefke (EUL). International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 4(4), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARPED/v4-i4/1863

Seitkasimova, Z. A. (2020). May Plato’s Academy be considered as the first academic institution? Open Journal for Studies in History, 2(2), 35–42. https://doi.org/10.32591/coas.ojsh.0202.02035s

Shanka, T., Quintal, V., & Taylor, R. (2006). Factors influencing international students’ choice of an education destination—a correspondence analysis. Journal of Marketing for Higher Education, 15(2), 31–46. https://doi.org/10.1300/J050v15n02_02

Teichler, U. (2017). Internationalisation trends in higher education and the changing role of international student mobility. Journal of International Mobility, 5(1), 177–216. https://doi.org/10.3917/jim.005.0179

Van Bouwel, L., & Veugelers, R. (2013). The determinants of student mobility in Europe: The quality dimension. European Journal of Higher Education, 3(2), 172–190. https://doi.org/10.1080/21568235.2013.772345

Wilkins, S., Balakrishnan, M. S., & Huisman, J. (2012). Student choice in higher education: Motivations for choosing to study at an international branch campus. Journal of Studies in International Education, 16(5), 413–433. https://doi.org/10.1177/1028315311429002

Bista, K., Sharma, G., & Gaululle, U. (2018). International student mobility: Examining trends and tensions. In K. Bista (Ed.), International student mobility and opportunities for growth in the global market (pp. 1–14). IGI Global.

Chen, L.-H. (2007). East-Asian students’ choice of Canadian graduate schools. International Journal of Educational Advancement, 7(4), 271–306. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.ijea.2150071

Ellis, H. (2019). Beyond the university: Higher education institutions across time and space. In T. Fitzgerald (Ed.), Handbook of historical studies in education: Debates, tensions, and directions. Springer.

Kumar, P. (2011). The ancient Nālandā Mahāvihāra: The beginning of institutional education. The Journal of the World Universities Forum, 4(1), 65–80.

Malhotra, N., & Devi, P. (2016). Analysis of factors affecting internal migration in India. Amity Journal of Economics, 1(2), 34–51.

Mpinganjira, M. (2009). Comparative analysis of factors influencing the decision to study abroad. African Journal of Business Management, 3(8), 358–365.

Shachar, A. (2006). The race for talent: Highly skilled migrants and competitive immigration regimes. New York University Law Review, 81(1), 148–206.

Yang, M. (2007). What attracts mainland Chinese students to Australian higher education. Studies in Learning, Evaluation Innovation and Development, 4(2), 1–12.