Perspectivas educacionais e éticas sobre a eugenia: impacto em indivíduos com deficiência do século XIX a meados do século XX

Lukáš Stárek; Jarmila Klugerová; Dušana Chrzová; Anastázie Zuzana Roubalová

doi:10.22633/rpge.v29iesp1.20476

Authors

Lukáš Stárek Universidade AMBIS https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6068-215X
Jarmila Klugerová Universidade AMBIS https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7174-3704
Dušana Chrzová Universidade AMBIS
Anastázie Zuzana Roubalová Universidade AMBIS https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5240-9410

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22633/rpge.v29iesp1.20476

Keywords:

Czechoslovakia, Ethics, Historical perspectives, Persons with disabilities, Social inclusion

Abstract

This article explores the historical roots and development of eugenic ideologies, focusing on their impact on educational practices, attitudes, and policies concerning people with disabilities. Drawing on historical sources and relevant legislation, especially in the context of Czechoslovakia, it analyzes how eugenic thinking shaped segregated educational systems, denied access to education, and influenced public discourse on the “educability” of individuals with disabilities. It highlights sterilization and euthanasia programs and their implications for educational inclusion, social recognition, and human rights. The study also reflects on how past exclusionary practices shaped the rise of contemporary inclusive education, emphasizing the role of special education in addressing historical injustices and promoting ethical, humanistic approaches in current pedagogical theory and practice. By linking historical eugenic policies to modern educational challenges, the article deepens the understanding of the ethical foundations of inclusive education.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Lukáš Stárek, Universidade AMBIS

AMBIS vysoká škola, a.s./ Universidade AMBIS, Katedra pedagogiky/ Departamento de Pedagogia, Lindnerova 575/1, 180 00 Praga 8 – Libeň, República Tcheca

Jarmila Klugerová, Universidade AMBIS

AMBIS vysoká škola, a.s./ Universidade AMBIS, Katedra pedagogiky/ Departamento de Pedagogia, Lindnerova 575/1, 180 00 Praga 8 – Libeň, República Tcheca

Dušana Chrzová, Universidade AMBIS

AMBIS vysoká škola, a.s./ Universidade AMBIS, Katedra pedagogiky/ Departamento de Pedagogia, Lindnerova 575/1, 180 00 Praga 8 – Libeň, República Tcheca

Anastázie Zuzana Roubalová, Universidade AMBIS

AMBIS vysoká škola, a.s./ Universidade AMBIS, Katedra pedagogiky/ Departamento de Pedagogia, Lindnerova 575/1, 180 00 Praga 8 – Libeň, República Tcheca

References

Bačová, V. (2024). Developing a safe learning environment in primary-level innovative schools in the Czech Republic. Education 3-13: International Journal of Primary, Elementary and Early Years Education, 1(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1080/03004279.2024.2410482

Černoušek, M. (1994). Šílenství v zrcadle dějin: Pojednání pro inteligentní čtenáře. Grada.

Husson, É. (2009). Heydrich: Konečné řešení židovské otázky. Domino.

Kyncl, V. (2014). Stroje na smrt: Plynové vozy a nacistická technologie konečného řešení. Epocha.

Němejc, K., Smékalová, L., & Kříž, E. (2019). A reflection of the quality of education in the use of teaching aids and the importance of lifelong learning. Rural Environment. Education. Personality (REEP), 12(1), 94–103. https://doi.org/10.22616/REEP.2019.012

Ridley, M. (2001). Genom: Životopis lidského druhu v třiadvaceti kapitolách. Portál.

Scharsach, H. (2001). Lékaři a nacismus. Themis.

Šimůnek, M. (2012). Pro et contra: Debaty o zavedení tzv. eugenické sterilizace v Československu, 1933–1938. Speciální pedagogika, 22(3), 224–240.

Šimůnek, M. (2022). Restrikce, evidence, příděly: K zásobování Protektorátu Čechy a Morava pohonnými hmotami (1939–1942). Národní technické muzeum.

Šimůnek, M., & Novák, M. (2023). Orbity smrti: Nacistická “eutanázie” a masové umírání psychiatrických pacientů v českých zemích, 1939–1945. 1938–1953. Academia.

Zeman, P. (2015). Kancelář vůdce NSDAP a akce “T4”. Paměť a dějiny, 2, 56–66. Ústav pro studium totalitních režimů České republiky.