Students’ perceptions of ELT teachers’ competence in promoting 6C skills
a scale development and validation study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22633/rpge.v30iesp1.20904Keywords:
6C skills, 21st-century competencies, Scale development, Student evaluation, Teacher effectivenessAbstract
This study developed and validated a scale to measure students’ perceptions of their teachers’ competence in implementing 6C skills: Critical Thinking, Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Citizenship, and Character. Two separate student samples participated in the validation process: 302 students for an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and 319 for a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The students ranged in grade from 5th to 11th in Istanbul secondary schools. Statistical analyses reduced the scale to 37 items organized into six factors corresponding to the 6C framework. Results showed strong psychometric properties. The overall reliability was very high (α = 0.962), and individual factor reliabilities ranged from 0.866 to 0.923. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated excellent model fit (RMSEA = 0.040, CFI = 0.959, TLI = 0.955). A second-order model confirmed that the six skills could be combined into one overall 21st-century skills construct.
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